ABB SPA-ZC 400 Especificaciones descargar pdf (Pagina 10)

2 The electrical power system and its control

Figure 1. Basic generation and distribution of electricity. Components inside the red

rectangle are in need of intelligent protection devices.

The basic idea of electrical distribution is to find a power source such as light, wind, water

or diesel engines. These powers are then harnessed so that they turn the axle of a generator

which in return generates electricity. Power lines are then connected to this generator so

that electricity can be transferred to the end user. Breakers and fuses are used to protect the

electrical equipment in case faults or error occur while transformers are used for increasing

(step-up) or decreasing (step-down) the voltage levels.

Substations are secondary stations where the feeding lines are connected to breakers,

disconnectors, transformers and busbars so that electricity can be controlled and divided

into distribution lines.

To be able to provide continuous electrical power to customers, power plants and

substations need to be equipped with IEDs such as protection relays for supervision and

control of the bigger components. These protection devices are a lot smaller than the

breakers that switch the loads, but as the big breakers are motorized the smaller IEDs are

able to control them. The IEDs read measurements and state indications from the larger

components and then act in accordance with the configuration that they have been given.

These measurements and state indications should then be passed on to the network control

centers so that humans can be informed on the substation condition. This is where the data

communication functions as a means to transfer the information and receive commands

both locally within the substation and onwards to control centers.

Generator

Breaker

Transmission

Breaker

Fuse

Transforme

Transformer

1 2 ... 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ... 85 86

Sin comentarios

ABB SPA-ZC 400 Especificaciones Pagina 10